因切割不良造成的各種缺陷統稱切割缺陷。其中熱狀態下用飛剪剪切小型鋼材時，在鋼材表面上造成深淺不一，外形不規則的傷痕稱切傷；在熱狀態下，表面被鋸片損傷稱鋸傷；經切割后，切割面與縱軸不垂直稱切斜或鋸斜；軋件端部熱軋拉縮部分未切凈稱切頭短；冷剪后，在剪切面上呈現局部小裂口叫撕裂；鋸（剪）切后，留在鋼材端面上的金屬飛邊稱毛刺。
All kinds of defects caused by poor cutting are collectively referred to as cutting defects. When cutting small steel with flying shear in hot state, the scars with different depth and irregular shape on the steel surface are called cutting wounds; In the hot state, the surface is damaged by the saw blade, which is called sawing injury; After cutting, the cutting surface is not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, which is called cutting inclination or sawing inclination; The cut head is short if the hot-rolled shrinkage part at the end of the rolled piece is not cut clean; After cold shearing, local small cracks appear on the shear surface, which is called tearing; After sawing (shearing), the metal flash left on the steel end face is called burr.
產生原因
Cause
鋸切鋼材與鋸片（剪刃）不垂直或軋件頭部彎曲過大；設備方面：鋸片瓢曲度大，鋸片磨老或安裝不當、上下兩剪刃間隙過大；飛剪失調；操作方面：同時剪切（鋸切）鋼材根數太多，端部切除太少，熱軋拉縮部分未切凈，以及各種誤操作。
The sawing steel is not perpendicular to the saw blade (cutting edge) or the head of the rolled piece is bent too much; Equipment: the saw blade has a large curvature, the saw blade is worn or improperly installed, and the gap between the upper and lower blades is too large; Flying shear imbalance; Operation: too many steel pieces are cut (sawed) at the same time, too few ends are cut, the hot-rolled shrinkage part is not cut clean, and various misoperations.
控制方法
Control method
改善來料狀況，采取措施，避免軋件頭部彎曲過大，保持來料方向與剪（鋸）切平面垂直；改善設備狀況，采取無瓢曲或瓢曲度小的鋸片，適當選擇鋸片厚度，鋸片（剪刃）磨損要及時更換，正確安裝、調整剪（鋸）切設備；加強操作，同時剪（鋸）切根數不要太多，避免鋼材起落、彎曲。建議保證必要的端部切除量，將熱軋拉縮部分切凈，避免各種誤操作。
Improve the incoming material condition, take measures to avoid excessive bending of the rolled piece head, and keep the incoming material direction perpendicular to the shear (SAW) cutting plane; Improve the condition of the equipment, adopt the saw blade without bending or with small bending degree, properly select the thickness of the saw blade, replace the saw blade (cutting edge) in time when it is worn, and correctly install and adjust the cutting (sawing) equipment; Strengthen the operation, and do not cut too many pieces at the same time to avoid the rise and fall and bending of steel. The necessary end cutting amount must be ensured to cut the hot-rolled shrinkage part completely to avoid various misoperations.
型鋼矯痕--在冷矯過程中造成的表面傷痕。這種缺陷無熱加工痕跡，多有一定規律性，主要有三種類型。凹坑型（或矯坑）、魚鱗型、傷壞型。
Section steel correction marks -- surface scars caused in the process of cold correction. This kind of defect has no trace of hot working and has a certain regularity. There are three main types. Pit type (or correction pit), fish scale type, damaged type.
產生原因
Cause
矯直輥孔型過淺，矯直前鋼材彎曲嚴重，矯直時喂鋼不正或矯直機調整操作不當，可造成傷壞型矯痕；矯直輥局部損傷或粘結金屬塊、輥面局部凸起、矯直輥磨損嚴重或輥面溫度高，粘結金屬，可在鋼材表面產生魚鱗形矯痕。
The pass of the straightening roll is too shallow, the steel is seriously bent before straightening, the steel feeding is not correct during straightening or the straightening machine is adjusted improperly, which can cause damage to the straightening mark; The local damage of the straightening roll or the bonding metal block, the local bulge of the roll surface, the serious wear of the straightening roll or the high temperature of the roll surface, and the bonding metal can produce fish scale correction marks on the steel surface.
Jinan section steel gives you reference control methods
矯直輥磨損嚴重，矯痕嚴重時，不要繼續使用；矯直輥局部損傷或粘接金屬塊時，要及時打磨光潔；矯直角鋼等型鋼時，因矯直輥和鋼材接觸表面相對運動較大（線速度差造成），易使矯直輥溫度升高而刮瘤子，在鋼材表面上產生矯痕，故應在矯直輥表面澆冷卻水冷卻；改進矯直輥材質或對矯直表面淬火，提高表面硬度，增加耐磨性。
Do not continue to use the straightening roll when it is seriously worn and has serious straightening marks; When the straightening roll is locally damaged or bonded with metal blocks, it should be polished and polished in time; When straightening steel sections such as angle steel, due to the relatively large movement of the contact surface between the straightening roll and the steel (caused by the linear speed difference), it is easy to raise the temperature of the straightening roll and scrape the tumor, resulting in straightening marks on the steel surface, so the surface of the straightening roll should be poured with cooling water for cooling; Improve the material of straightening roll or quench the straightening surface to improve the surface hardness and wear resistance.
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