概述

Overview

角鋼屬建造用碳素結構鋼，是簡單斷面的型鋼鋼材，主要用于金屬構件及廠房的框架等。在使用中要求有較好的可焊性、塑性變形性能及一定的機械強度。生產角鋼的原料鋼坯為低碳方鋼坯，成品角鋼為熱軋成形、正火或熱軋狀態交貨。

Angle steel is a type of carbon structural steel used in construction, which is a simple section steel material mainly used for metal components and the frame of factories. Good weldability, plastic deformation performance, and certain mechanical strength are required during use. The raw steel billets for producing angle steel are low-carbon square steel billets, and the finished angle steel is delivered in hot-rolled, normalized, or hot-rolled state.

種類及規格

Types and specifications

主要分為等邊角鋼和不等邊角鋼兩類，其中不等邊角鋼又可分為不等邊等厚及不等邊不等厚兩種。

It is mainly divided into two types: equilateral angle steel and unequal angle steel. Among them, unequal angle steel can be further divided into two types: unequal angle steel with equal thickness and unequal angle steel with equal thickness.

角鋼的規格用邊長和邊厚的尺寸表示。目前國產角鋼規格為２—２０號，以邊長的厘米數為號數，同一號角鋼常有２—７種不同的邊厚。進口角鋼標明兩邊的實際尺寸及邊厚并注明相關標準。一般邊長１２.５cｍ以上的為大型角鋼，１２.５cｍ—５cｍ之間的為中型角鋼，邊長５cｍ以下的為小型角鋼。

The specifications of angle steel are represented by the dimensions of edge length and edge thickness. At present, the specifications of domestically produced angle steel are 2-20 centimeters, with the length of the side measured in centimeters as the number. The same angle steel often has 2-7 different edge thicknesses. Imported angle steel shall indicate the actual dimensions and edge thickness on both sides and relevant standards. Generally, the side length is 12 Large angle steel above 5cm, 12 Medium angle steel is between 5cm and 5cm, and small angle steel is below 5cm in length.

進出口角鋼的定貨一般以使用中所要求的規格為主，其鋼號為相應的碳結鋼鋼號。也即角鋼除了規格號之外，沒有特定的成分和性能系列。

The ordering of inlet and outlet angle steel is generally based on the specifications required for use, and its steel grade is the corresponding carbon steel grade. That is to say, angle steel has no specific composition or performance series except for the specification number.

角鋼的交貨長度分定尺、倍尺兩種，國產角鋼的定尺選擇范圍根據規格號的不同有３—９ｍ、４—１２ｍ、４—１９ｍ、６—１９ｍ四個范圍。日本產角鋼的長度選擇范圍為６—１５ｍ。

The delivery length of angle steel is divided into two types: fixed length and double length. The selection range of fixed length for domestic angle steel is 3-9m, 4-12m, 4-19m, and 6-19m according to different specification numbers. The length selection range for angle steel produced in Japan is 6-15m.

不等邊角鋼的截面高度按不等邊角鋼的長邊寬來計算。

The cross-sectional height of unequal angle steel is calculated based on the length and width of the unequal angle steel.

進出口情況

Import and export situation

我國進口、出口角鋼各有一定批量，主要從日本、西歐進口。出口輸往地區主要為港澳、東南亞、拉美及阿拉伯國家等。出口生產企業主要為遼寧、河北、北京、上海、天津等省市的鋼鐵廠（軋鋼廠）。

China imports and exports a certain amount of angle steel, mainly from Japan and Western Europe. The main export destinations are Hong Kong, Macau, Southeast Asia, Latin America, and Arab countries. The main export production enterprises are steel mills (rolling mills) in provinces and cities such as Liaoning, Hebei, Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin.

進口角鋼品種多為大型、小型角鋼及特殊形狀角鋼，出口品種多為中型角鋼如６號、７號等。

The imported angle steel varieties are mostly large, small, and special shaped angle steel, while the exported varieties are mostly medium-sized angle steel such as No. 6, No. 7, etc.

外觀質量要求

Appearance quality requirements

角鋼的表面質量在標準中有規定，一般要求不得存在使用上有害的缺陷，如分層、結疤、裂縫等。

The surface quality of angle steel is specified in the standard, and generally requires that there should be no harmful defects during use, such as delamination, scarring, cracks, etc.

角鋼幾何形狀偏差的允許范圍在標準中也有規定，一般包括彎曲度、邊寬、邊厚、頂角、理論重量等項，并規定角鋼不得有顯著的扭轉。

The allowable range of geometric deviation of angle steel is also specified in the standard, generally including curvature, edge width, edge thickness, apex angle, theoretical weight, etc., and it is stipulated that angle steel shall not have significant torsion.

化學成分檢驗

Chemical composition testing

（１）成分指標：角鋼的化學成分屬一般結構用軋制鋼材系列，主要檢驗指標為C、Ｍn、Ｐ、Ｓ四項。根據牌號不同，含量各有差別，大致范圍為C＜０.２２%、Ｍn：０.３０—０.６５%、Ｐ＜０.０６０%、Ｓ＜０.０６０%。

(1) Composition indicators: The chemical composition of angle steel belongs to the general structural rolled steel series, and the main inspection indicators are C, Mn, P, and S. According to different grades, the content varies, roughly ranging from C<0 22%, Mn: 0 ３０—０. 65%, P<0 060%, S ＜ 0 060%.

（２）檢驗方法：檢測上述化學成分時，常用的標準檢驗方法有ＧＢ２２３、ＪＩＳＧ１２１１—１２１５、ＢＳ１８３７、ＢＳ手冊１９、ГОСТ２２５３６等。

(2) Inspection methods: When detecting the above chemical components, commonly used standard inspection methods include GB223, JISG1211-1215, BS1837, BS Manual 19, and ГОСТ 22536.

常用產品、規格標準

Common products, specification standards

ＧＢ/Ｔ２１０１—８９（型鋼驗收、包裝、標志及質量證明書的一般規定）；ＧＢ９７８７—８８/ＧＢ９７８８—８８（熱軋等邊/不等邊角鋼尺寸、外形、重量及允許偏差）；ＪＩＳＧ３１９２—９４（熱軋型鋼的形狀、尺寸、重量及其容許差）；ＤＩＮ１７１００—８０（普通結構鋼質量標準）；ГОСТ５３５—８８（普通碳素型鋼技術條件）。

GB/T2101-89 (General provisions for acceptance, packaging, marking and quality certificate of section steel); GB9787-88/GB9788-88 (Dimensions, Shape, Weight, and Allowable Deviation of Hot Rolled Equal/Unequal Edge Angle Steel); JISG3192-94 (Shape, Size, Weight, and Allowable Deviation of Hot Rolled Section Steel); DIN17100-80 (Quality Standard for Ordinary Structural Steel); ГОСТ 535-88 (Technical conditions for ordinary carbon steel sections).

根據上述標準規定，角鋼應成捆交貨、其捆扎道次、同捆長度等應符合規定。角鋼一般屬裸裝交貨，運輸和儲存均需注意防潮。

According to the above standards, angle steel should be delivered in bundles, and its bundling passes, bundling lengths, etc. should comply with the regulations. Angle steel is generally delivered naked, and moisture prevention should be taken into account during transportation and storage.

機械性能檢驗

Mechanical performance testing

（１）檢驗方法：

(1) Inspection method:

①拉伸試驗方法。常用的標準檢驗方法有ＧＢ/Ｔ２２８-８７、ＪＩＳＺ２２０１、ＪＩＳＺ２２４１、ＡＳＴＭＡ３７０、ГОСТ１４９７、ＢＳ１８、ＤＩＮ５０１４５等；② 彎曲試驗方法。常用的標準檢驗方法有ＧＢ/Ｔ２３２-８８、ＪＩＳＺ２２０４、ＪＩＳＺ２２４８、ＡＳＴＭE２９０、ГОСТ１４０１９、ＤＩＮ５０１１１等。

① Tensile testing method. The commonly used standard inspection methods include GB/T228-87, JISZ2201, JISZ2241, ASTMA370, ГОСТ 1497, BS18, DIN50145, etc Bending test method. The commonly used standard inspection methods include GB/T232-88, JISZ2204, JISZ2248, ASTME290, ГОСТ 14019, DIN50111, etc.

（２）性能指標：考核角鋼性能的檢驗項目主要為拉伸試驗和彎曲試驗。指標包括屈服點、抗拉強度、延伸率及彎曲合格等項。

(2) Performance indicators: The inspection items for assessing the performance of angle steel mainly include tensile tests and bending tests. The indicators include yield point, tensile strength, elongation, and qualified bending.

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