就目前而言，濟南型鋼廣泛應(yīng)用于建筑構(gòu)件中，因此其生產(chǎn)工藝也非常嚴(yán)格，生產(chǎn)流程也由以前的人工升級為機械化生產(chǎn)。生產(chǎn)過程中的脫脂方法主要有三種。包括有機溶劑脫脂、化學(xué)脫脂和電化學(xué)脫脂。

At present, Jinan section steel is widely used in building components, so its production process is also very strict, and the production process is upgraded from manual production to mechanized production. There are three main degreasing methods in the production process. Including organic solvent degreasing, chemical degreasing and electrochemical degreasing.

生產(chǎn)工藝：

Production process:

卸料——校平——整形——矯直——測長——沖拉桿——沖拉桿圓孔——沖橢圓連接孔——成型切斷

Unloading - leveling - shaping - straightening - length measurement - punching rod - punching rod round hole - punching elliptical connecting hole - forming and cutting

型鋼由熱軋鋼板冷彎成型，具有壁薄、重量輕、斷面性能好、強度高等特點。與傳統(tǒng)槽鋼相比，同等強度可節(jié)省材料30%。

Section steel is formed by cold bending of hot-rolled steel plate, which has the characteristics of thin wall, light weight, good section performance and high strength. Compared with traditional channel steel, the same strength can save 30% of materials.

濟南型鋼表面脫脂的方法有很多，通常與生產(chǎn)線的設(shè)備設(shè)置有關(guān)，兩者需要相互適應(yīng)。

There are many methods to degrease the surface of Jinan section steel, which are usually related to the equipment setting of the production line, and the two need to adapt to each other.

脫脂方法：

Degreasing method:

有機溶劑脫脂。有機溶劑脫脂實際上是將皂化油和不皂化油溶解在有機溶劑中的過程。在鋼材加工過程中，鋼材表面往往會附著一層厚厚的油膜。直接化學(xué)處理很困難，通常用有機溶劑處理。這種方法不適用于去除附著在電焊鋼表面的油污。

Degrease with organic solvent. Degreasing with organic solvent is actually the process of dissolving saponified oil and unsaponifiable oil in organic solvent. In the process of steel processing, a thick oil film is often attached to the steel surface. Direct chemical treatment is difficult and is usually treated with organic solvents. This method is not suitable for removing oil stains attached to the surface of electric welding steel.

化學(xué)脫脂。一般是指用堿溶液和堿鹽溶液除油。這種脫脂過程是一個復(fù)雜的物理和化學(xué)過程。它是由油膜在表面活性劑和堿的作用下產(chǎn)生的。堿性水溶液去除鋼表面油脂的機理。

Chemical degreasing. It generally refers to removing oil with alkali solution and alkali salt solution. This degreasing process is a complex physical and chemical process. It is produced by oil film under the action of surfactant and alkali. Mechanism of removing grease on steel surface by alkaline aqueous solution.

目前化學(xué)脫脂主要用于型鋼熱鍍鋅前的脫脂。脫脂劑也可以循環(huán)使用，有利于脫脂。循環(huán)系統(tǒng)中應(yīng)安裝分離器，以去除脫脂液中的油脂。為了清潔型鋼表面，在將型鋼從脫脂溶液中取出之前，應(yīng)先去除脫脂溶液的表面。

At present, chemical degreasing is mainly used for degreasing of section steel before hot dip galvanizing. Degreasing agent can also be recycled, which is conducive to degreasing. A separator shall be installed in the circulating system to remove grease from the degreasing solution. In order to clean the surface of profile steel, the surface of degreasing solution shall be removed before taking the profile steel out of degreasing solution.

電化學(xué)脫脂。電化學(xué)脫脂是將氫與陰離子或氧與陽離子分離，機械剝離附著在型鋼表面的油膜，加速油乳化的過程。根據(jù)被清洗物的電性能，電解脫脂方法可分為正出色電解脫脂法、負(fù)出色電解脫脂法和混合電解脫脂法。

Electrochemical degreasing. Electrochemical degreasing is the process of separating hydrogen from anions or oxygen from cations, mechanically stripping the oil film attached to the surface of section steel and accelerating oil emulsification. According to the electrical properties of the cleaned object, electrolytic degreasing methods can be divided into positive electrolytic degreasing method, negative electrolytic degreasing method and mixed electrolytic degreasing method.

一般來說，濟南型鋼爐焊管表面的油脂較少。焊管是在高溫下形成的，在精加工過程中可能會與油脂接觸，但這可以避免，通常不需要脫脂過程。在焊接過程中，管道與潤滑脂接觸的機會很大，而且表面往往會附著有套管潤滑脂。如果不進行脫脂處理，會給酸洗帶來困難，甚至污染酸洗液。綜上所述，脫脂的使用取決于原料在碳鋼表面的具體情況。

Generally speaking, there is less grease on the surface of Jinan section steel furnace welded pipe. Welded pipes are formed at high temperatures and may come into contact with grease during finishing, but this can be avoided and usually no degreasing process is required. In the process of welding, the pipe has a great chance of contacting with grease, and the surface is often attached with casing grease. If the degreasing treatment is not carried out, it will bring difficulties to pickling and even pollute the pickling solution. In conclusion, the use of degreasing depends on the specific situation of raw materials on the surface of carbon steel.

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